Madonna Surrounded by Seraphim and Cherubim, c. 1450 by Jean Fouquet

Jean Fouquet (c. 1420–1481), a pivotal figure in late medieval art, created the "Madonna Surrounded by Seraphim and Cherubim" as part of the "Melun Diptych", commissioned by Etienne Chevalier, treasurer to King Charles VII of France. This painting challenges traditional depictions of the Virgin Mary, showing her with one breast exposed. An old tradition says that the figure of the Madonna is based on Agnes Sorel, the mistress of Charles VII. She was known not only for her beauty but also for her important role at court: She advised the king + helped secure support from the nobility during difficult times in France.

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