I think it's controversial to say that no capitalist economy exists or has ever existed, because it's a term that is used to describe existing economies. In the same way that I don't agree with people who say that "true socialism/communism has never been tried". Maybe not according to some textbook definition, but close enough to know what it smells like. That's why I like the idea of yardsticks/litmus tests.

I'm always interested in reading lists but not long ass ones 😄. What are your top 1-2 recs?

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That's a completely fair position. I just wanted to drive home that a lot of ink has been spilled on this question and I probably couldn't do it justice in an exchange of notes.

Bob Murphy is one of my favorite thinkers. Here's a pretty short introduction that he wrote a while ago: https://mises.org/library/possibility-private-law

Btw, I hear you on the "Real _____ has never been tried." point. The distinction I would make is between "market" economies and "capitalist" societies. There are market economies (which I would identify by whether prices are dictated or emergent) where the state still ultimately claims ownership over everything, but decisions are generally made by private citizens, rather than a state planner. Capitalist vs socialist is about ownership, whereas market vs planned is about decision making.