Pretty much all the nodes decided they weren't valid. If I remember correctly they tried to spend from an address that didn't have any BTC because they messed up their order of operations. At that point the only way to receive the block reward is to fork the chain, or reorder the transactions before submitting a block again.
Again, you keep coming back to a single point of failure. This is why the book "block size wars" was written. This has already been done with BCH and BSV.
They have nodes that decide something else IS a valid block. At that point you become a whole new network.
But the bootstrapped plebs that ran BTC nodes in those early days kept it alive by not altering their consensus rules. Even though all the money in the world tried to shift to bigger blocks.