政治体，英文polity，我直接先贴上英文的，然后再提供中文的内容：

Polity is a term used to refer to the form and structure of government, as well as the system of laws and regulations that govern a society. It encompasses the institutions and processes through which a society makes collective decisions and exercises political power.

Polity is often used interchangeably with the term "political system," and it can refer to a wide range of systems, including democracies, monarchies, dictatorships, and theocracies. It can also refer to the relationships and power dynamics between different levels of government, such as federalism or confederalism.

In essence, polity is concerned with the way power is exercised and shared in a society, and how that society is organized and governed. It is a crucial aspect of any society, as it determines how resources are allocated, how decisions are made, and how conflicts are resolved.