There are many privacy tools in the btc ecosystem but not all are on BTC layer 1. Liquid has confidential transactions, and you can then use atomic swaps and go back to btc. There is lightning (layer 2) with very good privacy if self custodial.

Ark (based on Arcade) is a new layer 2 that again supposed to be quite private. There is cashu which is the most private of them all.

So, all in all, I would say privacy tools are developing!

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Privacy on layer 1 is a mistake

Hmm, I don't have a strong opinion on it, but why do you think so?

Large transfers should always be of public record. Medium and small transfers should always be private.

I kinda disagree but what is a large transaction?

If I send 100k to someone, why should that transaction be public record?

I say it from a game theoretic perspective. The perception should be that it's "transparent at the base layer" to avoid undue scrutiny. A large transaction is whatever you would need to do at the base layer. A small transaction is what you would do off-chain. Yes it's a circular definition, but it's a matter of value and trust judgment, not a hard number.