TEUTOBURG
The Battle of Teutoburg Forest, also known as the Varus Disaster or Varian Disaster, was a devastating military defeat for the Roman Empire in 9 AD.
An alliance of Germanic tribes, led by Arminius, a Germanic chieftain who had served in the Roman army, ambushed three Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus deep within the Teutoburg Forest. This resulted in the complete annihilation of the Roman forces, including all three legions (XVII, XVIII, and XIX) and their commanders.
This defeat had a profound impact on the Roman Empire. It effectively ended Roman expansion into Germania, establishing the Rhine River as the permanent frontier. The loss of three legions was a significant blow to the Roman military and political establishment, shocking the empire. Emperor Augustus himself is famously said to have lamented, "Quinctilius Varus, give me back my legions!"
The Battle of Teutoburg Forest is considered one of the most important defeats in Roman history, marking a turning point in the power dynamics between Rome and the Germanic tribes. It serves as a potent reminder of the limitations of Roman power and the resilience of the Germanic peoples.
Arminius, a former Roman auxiliary officer, betrayed Rome and used his knowledge of Roman tactics to lure the legions into a deadly trap. The dense Teutoburg Forest provided the Germanic tribes with a significant tactical advantage, allowing them to ambush and overwhelm the Roman forces.
Understood. It’s a beautiful country historically. Take care
ROMAN HASMONEAN ALLIANCE
“Good success be to the Romans, and to the people of the Jews, by sea and by land for ever: the sword also and enemy be far from them.
If there come first any war upon the Romans or any of their confederates throughout all their dominion,
the people of the Jews shall help them, as the time shall be appointed, with all their heart:
neither shall they give any thing unto them that make war upon them, or aid them with victuals, weapons, money, or ships, as it hath seemed good unto the Romans; but they shall keep their covenants without taking any thing therefore.
Likewise also, if war come first upon the nation of the Jews, the Romans shall help them earnestly, as the time shall be appointed:
neither shall they give any thing unto them that make war upon them, or aid them with victuals, weapons, money, or ships, as it hath seemed good unto the Jews; but they shall keep their covenants without taking any thing therefore.
And according to these articles have the Romans made a covenant with the people of the Jews.
If hereafter the one party or the other shall think meet to add or diminish any thing, they may do it at their pleasures, and whatsoever they shall add or take away shall be ratified.”
First Maccabees 8:23-30
🟠Alexander was around 22 when he started conquering the world.
🟠Julius Caesar was around 42 when he started conquering Gaul.
🟠Colonel Sanders started KFC around 65 years old.
🫵🏻If you think you are to old you can just start frying chicken.
NERO’S LAST DAYS
Nero's final days were marked by a swift and dramatic decline. In 68 CE, a rebellion erupted, led by Governor of Gaul, Gaius Julius Vindex. This revolt quickly gained momentum, and the Roman Senate, fearing for their own safety, declared Nero a public enemy and condemned him to death in absentia.
Abandoned by his allies and facing imminent capture, Nero fled Rome in a desperate attempt to escape. He sought refuge in the countryside, accompanied by a small entourage. However, with his enemies closing in and his options dwindling, despair began to consume him.
On June 9th, 68 CE, with his end seemingly inevitable, Nero chose suicide. He enlisted the aid of his secretary, Epaphroditus, to assist him in the act. According to historical accounts, Nero's final words were a poignant reflection on his artistic pursuits: "What an artist dies in me!"
Nero's death marked the end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty and plunged the Roman Empire into a period of intense political turmoil. The ensuing power vacuum led to a bloody civil war, known as the Year of the Four Emperors, as various factions vied for control of the Roman throne.
🖤. For most people evil is not a far away dictator, a hostile foreign nation, or some cartoon like villain.
it’s the friendly face of a parent, a brother, a sister, a friend. The silent destroyers of other people’s lives by way of deception, manipulation, twisting words, lack of accountability under every circumstance.
The sacraficing of family members to mask their own insecurities and mistakes.
The signs; other people have the same problems with them eventually, and they speak as if things are always other peoples fault, and they actively want to project virtue rather then be virtuous.
They cover things with lies to face no short term consequences, while acting suprised and unaccountable for the inevitable long term consequences.
The many conversations you tried never seem to work.
Walk away, or you will poison yourself. (As i have, but i’m back baby!)
Evil is close to home for most people.
If you want to take it one step further, evil is potentially in your own heart too.
Love you enemies but walk away from them for practical reasons, You have a life to live.
Now go smash the Samnites!
GM.
THE KINGDOM OF PERGAMON
The Kingdom of Pergamon, located in modern-day Turkey, had a complex and intertwined history with the Roman Republic.
Initially, both powers found common ground in their opposition to the Seleucid Empire. This shared enemy fostered an alliance, with Pergamon providing crucial military support to Rome in their wars against Macedon and the Seleucids. In recognition of their loyalty, Rome rewarded Pergamon with significant territorial gains in Asia Minor.
However, as Rome's power grew, their relationship with Pergamon shifted. Suspicious of any potential rivals, Rome began to view Pergamon with increasing wariness. This culminated in the last Attalid king, Attalus III, unexpectedly bequeathing Pergamon to Rome in his will. While seemingly beneficial to Pergamon, this act ultimately marked the end of its independence.
Pergamon became the capital of the Roman province of Asia, solidifying Roman control over the region. Despite Roman rule, Pergamon retained its cultural significance, continuing to be a center of learning and artistic production, attracting scholars and artists from across the Roman Empire.
The relationship between Pergamon and Rome was a complex one, marked by both cooperation and competition. Pergamon's strategic location and military support were crucial factors in Rome's rise to power in the eastern Mediterranean. While it lost its independence, Pergamon continued to thrive as a cultural and economic center under Roman rule.
NICOMEDES THE FOURTH GIVES AWAY HIS KINDGOM
Nicomedes IV of Bithynia, the last king of Bithynia, faced constant threats from the expansionist ambitions of his powerful neighbor, Mithridates VI of Pontus. To ensure the safety and stability of his people, Nicomedes made the strategic decision to bequeath his kingdom to the Roman Republic in his will.
This act was likely driven by a desire for protection from Mithridates, the belief that Roman rule would bring stability and economic prosperity, and a desire to prevent the instability that could arise from a succession crisis. The Roman Senate, recognizing the strategic advantages of this acquisition, readily accepted Nicomedes's bequest and annexed Bithynia as a province, renaming it Bithynia et Pontus.
However, this move had unintended consequences. Mithridates VI viewed the annexation of Bithynia as a direct threat to his own power and influence in the region, considering it an act of Roman aggression. This led to the outbreak of the Third Mithridatic War, a conflict that ultimately resulted in a Roman victory and further expanded Rome's control in Asia Minor.
“Why criest thou for thine affliction? thy sorrow is incurable for the multitude of thine iniquity: because thy sins were increased, I have done these things unto thee.”
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“Men did not love Bitcoin because she was great. She was great because they had loved her.”
G K Chesterton
THE GLADIATOR EMPEROR
Commodus, the Roman Emperor from 180 to 192 AD, was known for his eccentric and often brutal behavior. One of his most notorious acts was his frequent participation in gladiatorial combat in the Colosseum.
He actually entered the arena and fought against other gladiators, often against heavily disadvantaged opponents or wild animals. It's believed that many of his "victories" were staged, with opponents deliberately surrendering or being weakened beforehand. This behavior was likely a combination of a desire for public approval, a twisted sense of self-aggrandizement, and perhaps even a genuine interest in the brutality of the games. This obsession with gladiatorial combat likely contributed to the decline of his reign and ultimately led to his assassination.
The extent of Commodus's actual skill and the true nature of his gladiatorial contests are debated among historians.
