𝐄𝐧𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐖𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠

ROS include highly reactive substances such as superoxide anion (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the hydroxyl radical (•OH). The presence of flavonoids, terpenes, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and phytosterols contributes to anti-inflammatory effects.

https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/16/10/1277?#

Relatable. I accidentally reposted something because I was sleepy, so I found out that Nos Social (beautiful UI) and Nostur have this option to delete, or we can log in to https://use.nsec.app/ and then paste the note ID into https://delete.nostr.com

What's the point of building on sand?

Meanwhile I am eating cheddar cheese, ground beef, and whole egg fried in butter.

רֵאשִׁ֣ית חׇ֭כְמָה קְנֵ֣ה חׇכְמָ֑ה וּבְכׇל־קִ֝נְיָנְךָ֗ קְנֵ֣ה בִינָֽה׃

The beginning of wisdom is this: Get wisdom. With all your acquisitions, acquire discernment.

Adjusted measures of association can give a more accurate estimate of the true relationship between the exposure and the outcome, because they take into account the effect of confounders by statistically controlling for them.

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Crude-and-adjusted-measures-of-association-between-suspected-risk-factors-and-MDD_fig1_330219624

There are two main types of measures of association: crude and adjusted. Crude measures of association are based on the raw data and do not take into account any confounding factors.

⛀ Boston University School of Public Health

https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph-modules/bs/bs704-ep713_confounding-em/bs704-ep713_confounding-em_print.html

⛀ Effect Modification Flashcards

https://quizlet.com/412490992/effect-modification-flash-cards/

Exempli gratia:

1) https://open.oregonstate.education/epidemiology/chapter/effect-modification/

2) https://www.japi.org/r2e4e454/measures-of-association

Confounders can make it difficult to determine the true relationship between the exposure and the outcome, because they can create the semblance of a more direct association that is not actually present.

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Moderated_mediation_with_two_independent_variables

Confounding occurs when the relationship between an exposure (such as a risk factor or treatment) and a disease or outcome is distorted by the presence of another factor (called a confounder).

#ChatGPT #FOAMed

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25152459221095827

Ready for a comprehension quiz?

✎ https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/quiz.html

When designing a clinical #trial, considering the natural history of a disease is fundamental to ensuring that the trial is adequately #powered to detect any differences between the novel treatment and #control groups.

✶ https://premier-research.com/perspectives/patient-registries-and-natural-history-studies/

✶ https://www.evidera.com/natural-history-studies-in-rare-diseases-and-genetic-biomarkers/

A #cohort study is the best way to identify natural history of a disease; However, this type of study is less useful for examination of rare events or those that take a long time to develop.

✶ Comparison of Prospective Natural History Study Designs

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11830217/

By understanding the natural history of a disease, physicians, researchers, and epidemiologists can better determine the #impact that a treatment is having on the disease compared to the progression of a patient left to their own devices.

✶ https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Application-of-Disease-Etiology-and-Natural-History-White/d9d4949e275e5034878deddd108c1422cd2acdd7

✶ https://heart.bmj.com/content/95/7/524

For example, the latency period for #leukemia to become evident among survivors of the #atomicbomb blast in #Hiroshima ranged from 2 to 12 years, peaking at 6–7 years.

✶ (CDC Table 1.7)

#Subclinical disease, extending from the time of #exposure to #onset of disease symptoms, includes the #incubation period and the #latency period.

✶ https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Schematic-of-disease-natural-history-model_fig4_305324845

This includes the #progression of the disease, the symptoms that are experienced, and the #outcomes that are typically seen.

✶ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-93835-6_5/figures/5_2_147978_1_En

The #naturalhistory of a disease refers to the course that the disease takes in the absence of any treatment.

✶ Natural History of Disease Timeline:

https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section9.html (CDC Principles of epidemiology, 2nd ed.)

When evaluating the effectiveness of a drug, it is important to consider the natural history of the disease.

(#FOAMed written by #ChatGPT)

#ClinicalTrials #Medstr

✶N. gonorrhoeae infection

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.03187/full

✶Huntington disease

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1305/figure/huntington.F1/

Content and Photographs by Charlie Goldberg, M.D., UCSD School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California 92093-0611.