Why are there high elevation strata of mountain rock containing marine fossils?
Why have beaches of sand formed from ocean wave action at 1,500-foot-high altitudes in the mountains of Italy?
Observations from around the globe show that almost all of the land areas of the earth have been glaciated at some point in the past including parts of Africa, India, and South America that are presently located on or near the equator. If global temperatures dropped to levels sufficient to glaciate even the equator at some time in the past, all life on earth would have been destroyed. If, however, Africa, India, and South America which are presently located in tropical locales were ever located in geographic polar regions and later shifted to their present locations, the evidence of glaciation in these locations is not at all mysterious.
Svalbard, formerly known as Spitzbergen, is an island well within the Arctic circle that is now snow and icebound most of the year. Despite this, there Is ample evidence that tropical corals once grew on the shores of the island. Spitzbergen also has considerable coal deposits that attest to the island’s once-temperate or tropical climate. Coal deposits are evidence of forestation in the past. Water lily fossils have been found at Svalbard embedded in lignite also confirming the island once had a warm and marshy environment. Perhaps the best piece of evidence from Svalbard is the prehistoric frozen trees unearthed there that have no rings. Rings occur in trees due to seasons so for a tree to have no rings, it must have grown in a location where there are no seasons. There is only one place on earth that has no seasons: the equator. It stands to reason that, at some point in time, Svalbard was at or near the equator.
There’s a coral reef on the floor of the Arctic Ocean. Coral reefs form in warm, shallow, clear tropical and sub-tropical waters. There are 2 possible explanations for this. Either the whole earth was once much warmer than it is now, or the poles were previously in different locations relative to the Earth’s crust. If the Earth was warmer, on average, by 10 degrees Celsius, the Arctic Ocean could have supported the growth of that coral reef, however, cold-adapted species would have been wiped out along with basically all marine life, meaning that it is more likely that the poles were previously in different locations relative to the Earth’s crust.
Admiral Byrd’s 1933-1935 Antarctic expedition yielded the discovery of leaf stem imprints and fossilized wood under the snow and ice. Sir Ernest Shackleton found coal beds within 200 miles of the geographic south pole. Both discoveries, and in particular, Shackleton’s coal beds, count as evidence of massive primeval forestation in Antarctica. Massive forestation does not occur in places where there are six months of darkness each year.
Also found near the south pole were the fossilized footprints of a prehistoric mammal-like reptile. Since reptiles are known to be cold-blooded and need the warmth of the environment to sustain their body heat, it is evident that the Antarctic did not always have a cold climate. There are cold-blooded species that can survive in cold environments through different, specific adaptations so it is possible that this prehistoric mammal-like reptile was such a species. It’s also possible that this ancient life form was not native to the south pole and was merely transported there by some kind of natural forces. An alternative, viable explanation is that Antarctica has not always been located at the geographic south pole.
The New Siberian Islands, located about 200 miles off the northern coast of Siberia, are almost literally composed of the bones and remains of multitudes of prehistoric mammoths, saber-toothed cats, giant beavers the size of goats, prehistoric rhinoceros, buffalo, deer, horses, and other small mammals. How could so many of these animals that were also found throughout Siberia and Alaska be frozen intact within the ground in such a way that thousands of years later their flesh, when thawed, was said to be edible? At one Russian scientist’s banquet at the Moscow Academy of Sciences in the 1930s, the main course was mammoth steaks. Another question is how the frozen tundra of northern Siberia and Alaska could have supported such large populations of prehistoric mammals, unless the earth once had a much warmer climate or the Arctic was previously not located at the geographic north pole. Again, if the entire Earth was much warmer, cold-adapted species and most marine life would have been wiped out so it seems likely that Siberia and Alaska were once located somewhere with a warmer climate.
Perhaps the most noted of the thousands of ancient animals found in that area was the Beresovka mammoth found near the Beresovka River in northern Siberia. It had a pink skull due to hemorrhaging in the head along with an erection which shows that it suffocated to death in the surrounding homogenous muck. Biologist Ivan T Sanderson approached this discovery from a frozen-foods vantage point. When you freeze meat, the problem is to freeze it fast enough so the moisture content contained in the meet doesn’t have time to form large crystals while freezing. The faster the freeze, the smaller the crystals. If you freeze the meat too slowly, the moisture will form crystals large enough to destroy the fibrous structure of the meat which, when defrosted, will be nothing more than a mass of goo unfit to eat or cook. The larger the piece of meat to be frozen, the more difficult it is to freeze it fast enough.
The Beresovka mammoth was several tons when it was dissected in 1901 by Russian scientists, they recorded that even the innermost lining of the stomach had a perfectly preserved fibrous structure indicating that his body heat had been removed by some super-prodigious process in nature. The American Frozen Foods Institute was consulted and weeks later they concluded it was impossible with all their engineering and scientific knowledge. Furthermore, they looked to nature and concluded there was no known process that could accomplish the feat. The American Frozen Foods Institute did say that the temperature would have had to have been lowered by about 140 degrees Fahrenheit (78 Celsius) from its normal temperature and it must be accomplished in an absolute outside time limit of approximately four hours. In reality it needed to be more like 2 hours or less.
The Institute did not account for 2 factors. First, it wasn’t just the Beresovka mammoth that was being frozen. It was the entire strata of muck in which the mammoth suffocated that was having heat removed from it. Second is the mammoth’s erection which was also frozen which tells us that the entire strata of muck and the outer portions of the mammoth were frozen in about 1 minute, possibly less.
Another couple points of interest about the Beresovka mammoth are the fact that one foreleg, some ribs, and its pelvis were fractured. Consider how strong a mammoth’s leg bones and pelvic bone would have to be in order to support the weight of a body that weighs several tons. Also, the mammoth was found with frozen buttercups in its mouth. These facts indicate that something extremely violent and sudden happened to it while it was simply going about its day eating some food.
Sticking to the topic of megafauna, there are footprints of dinosaurs imprinted in beds of exposed river mud that got frozen, like the Beresovka mammoth, before the prints could deteriorate. These footprints remained frozen and were preserved for thousands of years. This gave time for the mud to ossify, allowing us to witness dinosaur footprints in rock beds today.
Another curiosity of earth is the apparent uninterrupted evolution on the Galapagos Islands over the last 11,000 years. Specifically, both the Malay Peninsula and the Galapagos are of interest as both are now both rife with lizard life. Punctuated equilibrium is the idea that we typically see discontinuities in the evolutionary pattern for each species with clear epochs distinguished by particular characteristics. For example, the New Siberian Islands previously mentioned had goat sized beavers yet now Earth has no goat sized beavers. This indicates that something drastic happened to the global beaver population at one point. The apparent uninterrupted evolution on the Galapagos Islands and Malay peninsula suggests that some places on Earth were significantly less impacted by such events. It is interesting to note that the Galapagos Islands and Malay peninsula are almost exactly antipodal points, meaning they are almost exactly on the opposite side of the world from one another.
There are huge granite blocks sitting on the eastern slopes of the Jura mountains. It is well known that the Jura mountains are non-granitic. Whatever granite exists in those mountains is still buried deep in them. These huge granitic blocks have been traced to the Swiss Alps across the Swiss valley to the southeast, 50-80 miles away. What’s really crazy is that these blocks sit at an altitude equivalent to the source altitude. Swiss geologist Arnold Escher von der Linth and German geologist Leopold von Buch, among others, determined that fast moving water could have accomplished this relocation of multi ton granite boulders, but their work was dismissed because people couldn’t fathom how water would move that fast.
Graham Hancock, in “Fingerprints of the Gods: The Evidence of Earth’s Lost Civilization”, leads off the book talking about the Piri Reis map. The Piri Reis map is from 1513 and, even though modern humans supposedly didn’t “discover” Antarctica until January of 1820, Antarctica is shown on the Piri Reis map. This is anachronistic and worthy of deeper inspection. Hancock writes "Conventional wisdom has it that the Antarctic ice cap in its present extent and form is millions of years old. On closer examination, this notion turns out to be seriously flawed, so seriously that we need not assume the map drawn by Admiral Piri Reis depicts Queen Maud Land as it looked millions of years in the past. The best recent evidence suggests that Queen Maud Land and the neighboring regions shown on the map passed through a long ice-free period which may not have come completely to an end until about 6,000 years ago. This evidence, which we shall touch upon again in the next chapter, liberates us from the burdensome task of explaining who or what had the technology to undertake an accurate survey of Antarctica in say, 2,000,000 B.C. long before our own species came into existence. By the same token, since mapmaking is a complex and civilized activity. It compels us to explain how such a task could have been accomplished even 6,000 years ago, well before the development of the first true civilizations recognized by historians."
Then there are the legends and myths. According to Chan Thomas, in Tierra del Fuego at the southern tip of South America, there is the story of the day the sun set in the wrong direction and in Peru, there is the story of the day the sun stood still. Thomas also points out that there are Malayan and Sumatran legends from tribal aborigines of what they called “the long night”.
In the Kolbrin’s “Book of Creation”, chapter 3 is called “The Destruction and Re-Creation”. It contains a cataclysm narrative involving a great flood or inundation. Summarizing the post-flood circumstances, it reads “Life was renewed, but it was different. Man survived, but he was not the same. The sun was not as it had been and a moon had been taken away.” This may be interpreted to mean that the course that the sun normally took through the sky was not the same as it was before and that an evening’s worth of the moon’s presence, or one night, was taken away, lost, or, in other words was not experienced as was normally expected.
Then, of course, there are the linguistic curiosities, like the similarity of languages the world over from the family of Polynesian tongues to Greek to Egyptian to Mayan to Yakut to the Oriental family of languages, and more.
