What does one do with this information? Can we change our telomeres and DNA now?!

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yes. Moderate cardio exercise elongates telomeres. Epi-genome is more complicate to quantify.

Interesting. What would you say are some reasonable examples of “moderate” cardio?

I assume this implies that cardio above a certain intensity threshold doesn’t do the trick.

I think it was 30-60 min somewhere below the anaerobic threshold. Running or cycling while being able to somewhat comfortably talk would be an example.

I think intense cardio was less effective in this regard. But it is also difficult to find participants who are willing to be randomized by a coin flip to either train intensively every day or don‘t train at all for an extended period of time.

Physical activity seems to help, but lots of research still to be done. https://sportsmedicine-open.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40798-022-00503-1