I want to start by saying you are light years ahead of most people by just admitting that you may not be completely clear on what capitalism is.
That being said, capitalism and free markets are two completely different things. Free markets have no third party interference or insurance. Free markets by definition means no central governing authority. Capitalism relies on property rights, and owning the means of production. In order to have property right and ownership, you must have a way to enforce this “rules”. Not only do you need to enforce your and project your property rights, you need to protect your property from others who want to take it. The police state protects property for the capitalist, not people…there is an actual court case that clarifies this.
Free market solutions would be a completely free market or anarchy. With today’s advancement in mobility, weaponry, and population free markets would be almost impossible.
But, if you read up on Joesph Schumpeter and what he has to say, as well as those he collaborated with, it is inevitable that some form of a “social market economy” will and has to emerge.
The biggest problem with capitalism is its profit driven mantra and its rent seeking behavior. It exploits both labor and resources like Adam Smith (the father of capitalism) warned about.