I've done a lot of work using Mathematica. You have no idea how nice it is to have both the formula for display and the calculation result at the same time!
latex is older and more than 'markup'. do you know https://www.lyx.org/ ?
a layer over latex which hides the complexity from you and still allows you to include latex code for more complex non-standard stuff which their GUI does not cover. I have done complex stuff with it.
Discussion
Mathematica is cool I’ve used it too, but probably not the best for publishing full papers.