Sort of but Kinds here can be pretty loose. Lexicons on ATproto can get very tight. Like taking Nostr Kinds and putting them in a Hollywood spy movie where the technician looks at the monitor and says "enhance". You've got schemas, and then sub-schemas, and even sub-sub-schemas.
It would be like Nostr having a developer-defined sub-schema for embedding, say, javascript charts in Kind1 posts. So ATporoto lexicons are living things. Kinds here tend to get locked down a little early (like we just hit "save and publish"), and if you a client wants to go down certain alleyways then either it's up to the client to just go down those alleyways and see, or there would be a need for a new Kind.
It's not so much about centralisation since ATproto lexicon development is pretty decentralised (arguably more so than Nostr). It's more about the way they're perceived.