Mine is on full time, but the noctua cooling fan setup on this BitAxe gamma is really well thought out. Rather than dragging the airflow directly through the asic, it draws the air sideways over cooling fins on top of it. The board itself never gets impure air pulled through it to accumulate dust. I’m sitting at 5 months 4 days since my last reboot when I shuffled my computer desk around and had to power down my miner and my start9.
What is happening? Is it in response to the migrant crime wave?
A Bluffer's Guide to PQC Digital Signatures: (Source: Bill Buchanan)
- In digital signing, a private key is used to sign the hash of a message, and the associated public key will verify it.
- RSA, ECDSA and EdDSA are all broken by Shor's algorithm.
- For digital certificates, RSA is currently the most popular method for public keys and signing.
- NIST-approved signatures are defined in FIPS 186-5 (Digital Signature Standard - DSS).
- NIST has defined that RSA, ECDSA and EdDSA will be deprecated in 2030, and disallowed from 2035.
- NIST have approved two main standards for FIPS 204 (ML-DSA) and FIPS 2025 (SLH-DSA).
- ML-DSA is based on the Dilithium method, and SLH-DSA is based on the SPHINCS+ method.
- SLH-DSA is a stateless hash method, and where there is no need to remember the previously used private keys.
- There are three levels of security of PQC signatures: Level 1 (128-bit equiv security), Level 3 (192-bit equiv security) and Level 5 (256-bit equiv security).
- ML-DSA is a lattice-based method. For 128-bit security, we have ML-DSA-44, for 192-bit, we have ML-DSA-65, and for 256-bit security, we have ML-DSA-87.
- SLH is a hash-based method. For 128-bit security, we have SLH-DSA-SHA2-128f, for 192-bit, we have SLH-DSA-SHA2-192f, and for 256-bit security, we have SLH-DSA-SHA2-256f. We can have SHA-2 or SHAKE as the hashing method (SHAKE is faster).
- With SLH-DSA, we can have a fast version, such as SLH-DSA-SHA2-256f, or a slower version, such as SLH-DSA-SHA2-256s.
- For ML-DSA-44, we have a 1,330-byte public key, a 2,602-byte private key, and a signature size of 2,420 bytes. Reasonable key sizes and reasonable signature size.
- For SLH-DSA-SHA2-128f, we have a 33 public key, a 64-byte private key, and a signature size of 17,088 bytes. Small keys, large signature.
- ML-DSA is generally much faster than SLH-DSA, but SLH-DSA has strong security guarantees.
- ML-DSA and SLH-DSA are now supported in OpenSSL 3.5.
- NIST have also approved FIPS 206 (Falcon) as a standard, and which has smaller key and signature sizes and but is slower than ML-KEM.
- In Round 2 for Additional Signatures, NIST is assessing other methods for future signatures, and include Multivariate Cryptography (MC), and Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar (UOV), MPC-in-the-Head, and Code-based methods.
- The XMSS methods allow for stateful signature replacements, but these often require hardware-based controls and can be slow.
- There are some worries about the long-term security of lattice-based methods, but hash-based ones generally have few worries about their long-term security.
- ML-DSA is generally as fast for key generation and signing as elliptic curve methods, and much faster than RSA.
- With PQC signing, we can have pre-hash sign, and where we take the hash of the message and before feed it into the signature method. This has esser performance effect.
See them in action with OpenSSL 3.5 here:
Signature Generation: https://asecuritysite.com/openssl/mldsa_keygen
Certificate Generation: https://asecuritysite.com/openssl/mldsa_cert
Hey has NIST released their modeling yet for the WTC7 collapse? I know it’s not relevant to this topic but I was just wondering what portion of NIST’s analysis on anything has any legitimacy these days.
I’d be down for that for sure. If you have a preshow survey you’d like to share to establish a theme and see if there’s a fit for your format, I’d be happy to take a look. Just DM me and I can share further contact details and time zone info. 👊🏽
Great work. This has been on my list for so long. So many rabbit holes, so little time. I need to find a local club and a mentor.
Our faith is the only thing that got us through that one. A big part of my testimony is how many times my wife and I have had our backs against the wall, and made it anyway. We’ve never missed a meal. We’ve never been without a roof over our heads and a little free time to enjoy each other’s company. He always provides, just in the nick of time. And He always rewards us for being charitable when we can.
I’ve sure felt this first hand. I still remember days when payday would roll around, I’d take 5 minutes to pay bills online, and sock $1500 or so into savings. Now I do an hour of graduate level math every second Thursday, figuring everything out to the cent in advance, so I can sit on the edge of my bed at 12:15am Friday when my cheque hits, so as not to miss Friday morning’s auto debits. All while my employer hasn’t even offered fake ass CPI inflation indexed raises in 5 years, let alone real cost of living increases and performance based increases/bonuses that were negotiated at the time of hire.
It’s funny how just about at bonus time each quarter, we mysteriously incur capital costs (new buildings or equipment) that wipe out the profit on paper that bonuses are based on. It really doesn’t make a guy want to push very hard or accept additional responsibility.
My boss is counting on everyone being an idiot that doesn’t understand inflation. I told him straight up in my last comp meeting, that if the cost of living including inflation goes up 40% in a given period without a corresponding wage increase, he’s effectively paying us less every year. But he is playing hardball. Not even a budge. He knows I love the industry and the type work. He knows my only option is to go somewhere for the same money or less, doing work I’m good at but I don’t enjoy, and often away from home.
I pushed so hard for the first two years at this company, till I realized my employer is full of shit and has no respect for the growth I’ve contributed to, or any intention of sharing the success I am helping create every day.
When I showed up, the operation was a shit show. We didn’t even have a project numbering system that enabled reliable invoicing for work. Many jobs went totally uninvoiced. Lost forever.
For someone who has always strived to overdeliver, and thrives on challenges, it pains me to be holding back and starting to work on “my stuff” during the day, rather than new company initiatives, during work hours. I’ve realized I’ll never be regarded as anything g other than “the help”.
This guy has no idea the thousands of dollars I often change our outcomes on jobs with simple decisions on invoicing that simply need a little push on my part to benefit us greatly. Like literally +- $20k every week with a couple keystrokes or a few well timed phone calls.
But yeah, I’m just “lucky to be working”. Pfft
The crazy thing is, that we ended up ignoring mandates from our biggest customers and fortunately were never asked to show proof of vax status. So I kept working. My wife, who works at the hospital, wasn’t so lucky. We drew our line in the sand and she lost her job for 4 months. We were within a hair’s breadth of losing our house when she got brought back. In the years since, as a clerk who enters all of the requisitions for lab, cardio and x-ray testing, she has seen a 400% increase in the frequency or certain tests for heart issues and aggressive cancers. In the past 4 years there have been toddlers and teens coming in for heart monitor testing. That was literally unheard of prior to 2021 in her position that she’s held for 13 years. And the excess deaths among young people, as evidenced by the obituaries in this small rural area, particularly among the First Nations communities who were nearly 100% vaxxed, has been staggering. It’s the biggest crime in the history of mankind.
I sure found this out at work when I pointed out that it MIGHT merit consideration before accepting a gene therapy jab before any long term clinical tests had been conducted. It’s fucking basic common sense. I made it part of my talk at the monthly safety meeting in October 2020 and was quickly told to keep a lid on it. All while our safety and health officer routinely marched several of our younger, more impressionable employees across the road to get the jab at the temporary clinic that had been set up there. That chick was a witch.
Yes I never thought hodling and continuing to stack would require this much resolve. Made especially so by the backdrop of a country with fading opportunity. I really hope Alberta manages to separate and that we get to see some significant tax relief while I still have some earning left in me. Bitcoin has managed to keep a glimmer of my dreams alive.
I swear with the recipes you’ve posted since I’ve been following, you could add a whole cooking segment to your show
Yep. I school any young men I mentor to try to get kitted up as early as possible to do cash work on the side and invest in hard assets. It’s the only way off the hamster wheel. That and the power of compounding.
I’m not on the tools anymore for work but our crews often use a small lead shot bag with a tag line and a launcher to pull a larger bull rope up and through a sufficiently high branch set for an easy straight pull assist, or a redirect through a 5:1 pulley assembly. You can do a manual slingshot toss between the legs forward (see YouTube), or use an elastic launcher to help if you’re doing lots of leaners. One of the guys at work that does roping a lot near electrical transmission lines even adapted his potato gun to do precision shot bag shots lol. It’s pretty cool. But you can get the basic kit at arborist suppliers online. Nothing is better than being in the bush.
I’m sorry about the (perhaps) self indulgent exposition below, but it’s all I’ve been thinking about while I’ve been sick for two weeks.
Having rejected all of social media for the past 25 years of its explosion across the world, I know I have changed the trajectory of my personal and professional life. Especially considering that many of my jobs have been sales related. But I instantly recognized what the big platforms “are”, after a month or two of testing them: data and personal info harvesting machines, sucking us in and commoditizing human attention.
I had a Facebook account for a couple months in 2008 and instantly reconnected with all of the childhood friends and family that I had fallen out of touch with when we moved across the country when I was 15. But I just couldn’t stand the “look at me” culture that was emerging. The “selfie generation” was firmly bootstrapped. And I could tell that my feed and my time was already being manipulated by “something”. I went dark, and everyone I reconnected with wondered why I was gone. Some thought I had gotten into some kind of trouble and was laying low lol. Meanwhile, I put my head down and worked my J.O.Bs. I’ve made millions for others. And paid at least a million and a half in taxes.
It wasn’t until watching The Social Dilemma in 2020 that I was able to put a name to what made me reject centralized social media. Algorithms, as we all know now.
By then I had tried and rejected Instagram and Twitter after very short stints, because I could tell they were mental illness inducing.
I know I have deprived myself of professional and personal connections that may have allowed me to capitalize more on my creativity and talents in things like writing, computing solutions and process engineering, but I just couldn’t handle the slop.
Maybe I would have found myself surrounded by more like-minded people earlier, and converted my aptitudes into greater professional success, had I embraced what the crowd was doing. Maybe not.
I know one thing, I would have found Bitcoin sooner if I had been more “plugged in”. When I found it, I instantly took to it like a neodymium magnet to iron. And I had the technical chops easily by 2010 to have navigated the early technical hurdles to adoption. Never shitcoined, just instantly 100% in on this shit, thanks to earlier learnings from Ron Paul and G. Edward Griffin. And a healthy dose of 9/11 truth.
The weird thing now is that I find myself and my family in a northern community with incomes that would be great if they weren’t being ravaged by repressive at source taxation and deductions, and a stifling cost of living. Locked in to an insane interest rate on a house we will never own, that has us economically paralyzed for at least a couple more years.
I have one or two friends that “get it”, but are similarly trapped. Every conversation only deepens our despondence at the state of our country and our world. We are focused on waking up our kids and grandkids to the traps that lie ahead of them. And teaching them ways of self sufficiency for the lean times ahead.
Much to my wife’s chagrin, I am encouraging my kids to get the hell out of Canada before they get trapped here by consumer debt and other obligations. This country has become a perfectly crafted prison.
Have we ever missed a meal? No. Are all of our basic needs being met? Yes. But for the life of me, I can’t ignore the fact that it is all being provided with a boot on the back of our necks.
We could be so much more. I have SO many dreams, projects, learning and enrichment of my community that are being held up for lack of capital that has been stolen.
I have reached the peak of what my current company’s structure can provide for advancement and income increase. Faced with a choice to either accept a complete lack of local upward mobility options, or strike out somewhere new in a job market where I will be competing with people two and a half decades my junior, I am seriously considering nuking it all and using what little capital I have amassed to escape to a hermit lifestyle somewhere warm and free of rampant socialism.
All I’ve ever wanted to do is surf, to grow food and raise animals. And be surrounded by my family while doing it.
Sometimes I feel like I would have been better served to have been lobotomized at 30 and gone the route of the majority. But I refuse to ignore all that I have learned about the nature of our existence here on earth.
In short, all I can say is how much hope it has given me to have a self-directed way of meeting awakened individuals in a world gone mad. I wouldn’t want to go through a fourth turning with anyone else. I hope I can meet some of you in person one day.
God bless FOSS
God bless Bitcoin
God bless Nostr
👊🏽