In the US, rail lacks the network infrastructure (and therefore all the demand patterns) that would place greater downward pressure on costs.
High speed rail in the US is fundamentally a margin business today that will compete on convenience - rather than cost with air travel, not cars or busses. Conversely, rail in Europe, China, Japan etc. are all volume businesses, heavily networked and optimized for broad mass transportation at low cost to the rider. And they are likely subsidized to the same or greater extent that cars and oil are subsidized in the US.
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